Explosion-engine.



VPA'l'ElTTED MAY 5, 1903.

M. RUMPF.

EXPLOSIGN ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED 0OT.25. 1901.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

N0 MODEL.

liwi

2% /NVE a w/Mfssfs:

MQMQM A TIZWNE YS PATENTEE MAY 5, 1903.

M. E. EUMPE. EXPLOSION ENGINE.

ARPLIGATION FILED 00T.25, 1901.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

NU MODEL.

Mw S m. .m W

A rroRNEva.

Tm: Norms wetens co. pHoro-umn.. wAsmNmam D. c

PATENTED MAY 5, 1903.

M. E. EUMPE. EXPLOSION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED 00T. 25, 1901.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

H0 MODEL.

WTNESSES:)/ f9` W @and PATENTED MAY 5, 1903.

M. H. RUMPF. v EXPLOSION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED 00T. 25. 1901.

s sHBETssHBBT s.

N0 MODEL.

Wim/5835s Arra/MISYSL mr. miams Erima cn, momm'nm.wwunmm. o

UNITED STNIES Patented May 5, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

EXPLOSION-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. '727.455, dated May 5,1903.

. Application Iiled October 25, 1901. Serial No. 79,989, (No model.)

To tZZ whom, it 77u03/ concern:

Be it known that I, MARTIN HENRI RUMPF, manufacturer, a citizen ofBrazil, residing at Paris, in the French Republic, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Explosion-Engines, ot' which thefollowing is a specification.

This inventionrelates to explosion-engines, and provides for an enginehaving a plurality of cylinders, one or more of which are working asfour-stroke engines and are acting also at the proper moment as pumpsfor one or more other cylinders in order to inject a certain quantity ofthe aspired mixture into the said other cylinders and also to ignitethat quantity ot' mixture.

Referring to the annexed drawings, Figure l is a horizontal sectionthrough the cylinders of a motor constructed according to my invention.Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken on line A B, Fig. 1, showingdiagrammatically the shaft-actuating gear of the motor. Fig. 3 is asimilar vertical section taken on line C D, Fig. l. Fig. 4 isatransverse section through the compression-chamber 6, taken on line GI-I, Figs. l, 2, showing the valves S and 7, the igniting device, and apart of the cam-shaft, with the centrifugal governor of the engine. Fig.5 is a transverse section taken on line E F, Fig. l. Fig. G showsdiagrammatically the cam-shaft and levers acting on the exhaust-valves1l and 11 of cylinders 3 and 3'. Fig. 7 shows diagram matically the samecamshaft and levers acting on the valves 4 4 and 4 4', located in thechannels through which the several cylinders are intercommunicating withone another. Figs. S and 8bis show the relative positions of the crankson the driving-shaft.

As shown in Fig. 1, the motor comprises four cylinders l, 2 3, and 3. Ineach of the two cylinders 1 and 2 move two pistons 5 and between whichare locatedcompressionchambers 6 Then the explosion takes place, the-twopistons 5 and 5 are thrown away from one another. The two cylinders 3and 3' are 'each provided with a single piston 9 and 9, and thecompression-chambers 28 and 23 are com municating with each of the twopiston-cylinders 1 and 2 through four channels 4 4 and 4 4', providedwith Valves, two of which are shown in section, Figs. 5 and 7.

The two channels 4 4 communicate with cyl inder 1 and the two channels 44 with cylinder 2. The location ot the channels 4 4 4 4 in the cylindersl and 2 depends upon the quantity ot' mixture which it is intended tocompress in the said cylinders, and as it is a condition that thesechannels open in the compression-chambers of cylinders 3 and 3 thecranksof the pistons moving in cylinders 1 and 2 must be keyed withrespect to l the cranks ot the pistons moving in the cylinders 3 and 3in such a manner that when the pistons of cylinders 1 and 2 in theirforward stroke disclose the channels 4 the pistons of cylinders'3 and 3must pass their rear dead-point. I

The cylinders l and 2 work on the fourstroke cycle, and cylinders 3 and3, which o may be of greater diameter and less stroke, work on thetwo-stroke cycle.

When the motor is running normally, the communication of cylinders l and2 with cylinders 3and 3 is alternative. In other words, the workingstroke of 011e of cylinders l or 2 takes place on the Vmoment of thesucking stroke of the other.

The combustion of the mixture takes place in the four cylinders; butcylinders 1 and 2 only are provided with an igniting device, which maybe electrical or of any other suitable construction. I, however, prefertomake use of the special construction hereinafter described.V

As shown in Fig. 2, `the pistons 5 and 5' of cylinders l and 2 areprovided with rods 20 and 20. Rod 200i` piston 5 isconnected with aswing-lever 21, pivoted at- 22. The other end of the said swing-lever isconnected with a rod 23, actuating directly the crank 25 of the shaft26. Rod 20' of piston 5 is connected wit-h a swing-lever 2l', pivoted at22. A rod 24 connects the two swing-levers 2l and 2l in such a mannerthat the two pistons 5 and 5 necessitate only one crank in order torotate continuously the shaft 26. As already stated, 6 is thecompression-chamber, 7 is the inlet-valve for the mixture, and 8 is avalve adapted to be used at the proper moment as an air-inlet valve oras exhaust-valve.

Fig. 3 is a section through the axis of cylinders 3 and 3 and shows thatthe pistons of the said cylinders are connected with the IOO shaft 26similarly to pistons 5 and 5 in such a manner that the said shaftrequires only three cranks for the six pistons of the motor.

l1 and 11' are the exhaust-valves of cylinders 3 and 3' and are locatedsomewhat before the forward-stroke dead-point.

Referring now to Fig. 4, which shows a transverse section of cylinder l,(or 2,) it will be seen that valve 8 (which is shown in its openposition for the sake of clearness) is located in a chamber 29 and opensin the compression-chamber 6 of cylinder 1. Chamber 29 is provided withclack-valves 30 31, one of which, 30, allows the entry of air and theother, 31, the escape of the burned gas. Rod

2 of valve 8 is tted at its end with a collar 33, on which rests a ring34, loosely mounted on rod 32 and pressed against the collar 33 by aidof a spring 35. The valve is actuated by means of cams keyed on acam-shaft 36, rotating at half the speed of shaft 26. The two cams 37and 37' are similar and work on ring 34. Cam 38 actuates the valverod32. The bosses of cams 37 and 37' are combinedin such a manner thatduring the explosion'period the ring 34 is lifted so as to compress thespring, which in this po-k sition has no action on the valve, the saidvalve consequently being able to rise under atmosphericl pressure. Thering 34 is held in this position by the bosses until after the escapeperiod. Consequently when the boss 'of cam 38 acts upon the rodof valve8 the action of the spring is released and the valve is lifted withfacility. At the end of the escape period the bosses of the three camshave no action whatever on the ring 34 and collar 33, and spring 35 actsconsequently again and the valve closes. The centrifugal governor 39,mounted on the cam-shaft 36, acts upon the escape-valve 8. The balls 40and 40' of the said governor are connected together by aid of a spiralspring in a well-known manner'and aremounted on two levers 41 41' atyright angle, pivoted at the apex of the right angle. and connectedthrough rods 42 42' with a disk 43, ada-pred to slide longitudinally onthe shaft 36.

When the running of the motor is abnormal or when the speed increasesabove the normal, the centrifugalforce throws the balls apart from eachother, surmounting the reaction of the spring, and the movement is 'longas the speed of the motoris above the normal speed. When the speeddecreases and the motor returns to its normal running, the balls comeback to' their original position, withdrawing the disk 43 from under thecollar 33, and the ordinary cycle takes' place again. The air drawn inthe cylinders may naturally pass through the jackets (not shown on thedrawings) of the cylinders.

Referring now to Fig. 6, which shows the actuating device of theescape-valves ll and 1l' of cylinders 3 and 3', it will be observed thatthe said valves must open at each revolution of the motor-shaft, and asthe camshaft 36, carrying the cam 50, actuating the said valves, rotatesonly at halt' the speed of the motor-shaft cam 50 is provided with twolingers 5l and 51' opposite one another. A roller 52, pressed againstthe cam, is embraced on each of its faces by the forks of two curvedlevers 53 53', pivoted, respectively, at 54 and 54', the free ends ofwhich -bear on the end of the rods of valves 11 and 11'. At the momentwhere one of the cam-fingers acts on the roller 52 the forks arelowered, and consequently the free ends of the levers pressed on thevalverods, which are thus lifted. When the finger has passed the roller,the valve-springs close the valves, and acting on the free ends oflevers 53 53' hold the roller in contact with the cam.

Fig. 7 shows separately the actuating device of the valves located inchannels 44and 4' 4'. On cam-shaft 36 is keyed acam 55, having a bosscorresponding to three-eighths of the circumference of the said cam andadapted to compress during the compression-stroke and a part of theexplosion-stroke the valvesprings with t-he same object in view asdescribedwith reference to valve 8. A rod 62,

guided in a socket 63, is held by spring 64Y against cam 55. The saidrod 62 ends in the form of a link 56, in which are engaged pivotpins onthe extremities of two levers 57 57', pivoted at 58 58and acting, bymeans of supporting-balls 59 59', on disks 60 60', loosely mounted onthe valve-rods. When the boss of cam 55 raises the rod 62, the twolevers 57 57' are raised and the balls 59 push the disks 60 60' (whichare under thespringson the valve-rods) upward in sucha manner that theaction of the springs on the valves is released and that the said valvesmay open easily. When the boss of the cam has passed the rod 62, thesprings assume again their action and the levers comete rest onabutments 61 61'.

As hereinbefore described, the cylinders l and 2 only are provided withan igniting device, the construction of which is shown in Fig. 4. Thisdevice comprises an ignitingchamber 70, fitted witha little inlet-valve7l, and a channel or chimney 72, lled with platinum moss and platinumwire. Chamber 7O is in communication through openings 73 73' and a hole74 in a slide 75 with the interior of the compression-chamber 6, andchimney 72 is in communication with the said compressiolrchamber 6through a hole 76 in slide 75 and a port 77 in the Wall of the cylinder.Chimney 72 may be in communication with chamber 70 through a passage 78in a slide IIO 79 or may be separated therefrom and in this case incommunication through passage 78 with opening 80, leading to theatmosphere. This igniting device acts as follows: A cam 81, mounted onthe cam-shaft, acts upon the slides 75 and 79 and brings them into theposition shown during the compression-stroke. The compressed mixtureenters with force through the port 77 into the chimney 72, where it isignited when passing over the platinum moss, igniting at the Sametimethe mixture in chamber 70 and bringing (mixture continuing to enter) theflame from atmospheric pressure to the pressure of the compressedmixture in the compressionchamber. When, then, the piston reaches thedead-point, the action of cam 81 is released and the spring 82 bringsthe slides 75 and 79 in their former position. The communication ofchamber 70 with the cylinder u is established through opening 74 and thecharge ignited in the compression-chamber. The downward movement of theslides 75 and 79 shuts the communication between the chimney 72 andchamber 70 and between the said chimney and the cylinder and sets thechimney 72 in communication with the atmosphere through passage 78 andopening 80, and as the slides remain in this position during theexplosion, escape, and suction strokes the contents of chimney 72 isduring the said strokes in contact with the atmospheric air and theplatinum lnay regenerate its condensing power. During the escape-strokethe burned 4gas may not enter into the chimney, but only in chamber 70,out of which they are expelled during the suction-stroke by means of thefresh mixture whichis admitted simultaneouslythrough the inlet-valve 7and the little valve 7l, connected to the carbureter by means of alittle pipe. Thus when the compression-stroke begins and when the slidesare brought in the position shown chamber is filled with mixture atatmospheric pressure.

Having thus described the essential parts of myimproved motor, I willnow explain its operation, taking as an example the construction shownin the drawings, in which the cranks are keyed to each other in such amanner that the crank corresponding to` the pistons 3 and 3 stands atsixty-one degrees in the rear of the cranks corresponding to the pistonsof cylinders l and 2, Fig. 2. As this angle corresponds to one-third ofthe stroke of pistons in cylinders 1 and 2, channels 4 and 4 must openin the said cylinders at one-third before the rear dead-point. Now be itassumed that the pistons of cylinder 1 are at the beginning of theexplosion-stroke and the pistons of cylinder 2 at the beginning of thesuction-stroke. Referring to Fig. 8 for cylinders 1 and 2 and to Fig.Sis for cylinders 3 and 3', the following cycle takes place: Cylinder 1:When the crank is at l, (corresponding to the rear dead-point,) theexplosion takes place and thepistons are thrown ahead. When the crankpasses at 2, the valves of channels 4 open, as hereinbefore described,and the burning gas enters as a dart in the cylinders 3 and 3', ignitingthe mixture. Then the crank passes from 2.to 4, and if during thisstroke the expansion is such as to create a certain vacuum in thecylinder valve 8 opens and air is sucked in cylinder l. The crank thenreturns from 4 to 1, the pistons expelling the burned gas and the airsucked in through the valve, passing the rear dead-point and beginningthe suctionstroke, the cycle being then identical to that described withreference to cylinder 2. Cylinder 2: The crank passes from 1 to 4, thepistons sucking explosive mixture in the cylinder. On the return strokefrom 4 to l the mixture is compressed and forced back through the valvesof channels 4 into the cylinders 3 and 3 until the pistons pass againthe channels. From this moment the mixture is compressed and a partthereof forced through the port 77, communicating with the chimney ortube 72, and through the opening in the igniting-chamber 70. The rest ofthe mixture in the cylinder being compressed, the pistons arrive at therear dead-point. At this moment the explosion takes place and the cycleproceeds as described with reference to cylinder 1. crank passes from 6to 1, Fig. 8b, the pistons compressing the charge. When passing the reardead-point, the burning gas from cylinder 1 entering as a dart throughthe channels 4 in the compression-chambers the charge is ignited and thepistons are. thrown ahead from l to 4, their forward dead-point. Thechannels are closed automatically as soon as the pressure of the gasignited in cylinders 3 and 3' overcomes the pressure inthe othercylinders. A little time before the pistons are passing the forwarddeadlpoint the valves ll and 1l' open and remain open the necessary timein order to allow the escape of a certain quantity of burned gas and tomake place for the fresh mixture which the' pistons of cylinder 2 areforcing through the channels 4 4. When the crank passes at 6,the.hereinbefore-described cycle takes place again. i

It will be observed that when during the abnormal running of the motorthe governor 39 acts on Valve 8, as hereinbefore described, in such amanner that the working of one of cylinders l or 2-say, for instance, ofcylinder 1-is suppressed cylinders 3, and 3 are working also on thefour-stroke cycle, `for the reason that cylinder 2 works only at eachtwo revolutions of the shaft during a part ofthe compression-stroke as apump forcing the explosive inixtureinto cylinders 3 and 3'. Thus thepower of the engine is reduced more than half the normal power. In orderthat at this moment the cylinders 3 and 3 may not be set incommunication with cylinder 1, the valves of channels 4 areconvenientlypressed upon their seats by t-he fact that the governor 39 Cylinders 3and 3': The

IOO

TIO

when throwing its balls 40 away displaces the cam 55, which is connectedthrough rods ,49 49 with the arms 41 4l of the governor in such a mannerthat rod 62, actuating the valves of channels 4,cannot be acted upon bythe boss of cam 55.

It must be understood that I do not limit myself t0 the specialarrangements or details of the motor hereinbefore described and that thesaid details may be Varied in order to obtain the best result possiblefrom my system without departing from the spirit of my invention.

What I claim is- 1. In an explosion-motor comprising a plurality ofcylinders, one or more cylinders working as four-stroke engines, one ormore cylinders working normally as two-stroke engines, channels betweensaid cylinders, the said channels opening in the compressionchambers ofthe two-stroke cylinders and, in the four-stroke cylinders, at a placedepending upon the quantity of mixture which is to be compressed in thesaid cylinders, a part of this mixture being injected in the two-strokecylinders and ignited therein through the burning gas of the four-strokecylinders.

2.1111 an explosion-motor, in combination twocylinders having each twopistons moving in opposite directions, two cylinders having each asingle piston and channels between the two-piston cylinders and thesingle-piston cylinders in such a manner that each of the two-pistoncylindersinjects alternatively a part of its charge in one of thesingle-piston cylinders, the said charge being ignited in thesingle-piston cylinders through the burning gas of the two-pistoncylinders substantially as described.

3. In an explosion-motor, lin combination: two cylinders having each twopistons moving in opposite directions and working as fourstroke engines,two cylinders having each a single piston and working normally astwostroke engines, channels between the two-piston cylinders' and thesingle-piston cylinders, the said channels opening in the two-pistoncylinders at a point depending upon the quantity of mixture which is tobe compressed in the said cylinders and in the compressionchambers ofthe single-piston cylinders in such a manner that the pistons of thetwopiston cylinders in their compression-stroke may inject a part oftheir charge in the single-piston cylinders, this mixture, being ignitedthrough the burning gas of the two-piston cylinders at the moment thepistons of the single-piston cylinders pass the rear deadpoint afterhaving compressed their charges, substantially as described.

4. In an explosion-motor, 1n combination two cylinders having each twopistons moving in opposite directions and working` as fourstrokeengines, two cylinders having each a single piston and working normallyas twostroke engines, channels between the twopiston and thesingle-piston cylinders, inlet and escape valves for the two-'pistoncylinders and valves in the single-piston cylinders near the forwarddead-point the said valves opening a little time before the pistons ofthe single-piston cylinders pass the forward dead-point in order toallow the escape of a portion of the burned gas and to make place forfresh mixture injected in the single-piston cylinders by one of thetwo-piston cylinders substantially as described.

5.-In an explosion-motor in combination two cylinders having each twopistons moving in opposite directions, two cylinders having each asingle piston, channels between the two-piston and single-pistoncylinders, an inlet-valve for each two-piston cylinders,a valve adaptedto act as inlet or exhaust valve in the said cylinders a spring holdingthe said Valve normally upon its seat, means whereby the action of thisspring may be released in such a manner Jthat the said valve may openeasily in case of a certain vacuum taking place in one of the two-pistoncylinders and a cam to open the said valve during the exhaust-stroke andvalves in the single-piston cylinders near the forward dead-point,substantially as described.

6. In an explosion-motor in combination two cylinders having each twopistons moving in opposite directions, two cylinders having each asingle piston, channels between lthe two-piston and single-pistoncylinders, valves in the said channels, springs acting on the saidvalves, means for releasing the action of the said springs,mixture-inlet Valves, exhaust-valves adapted to act also as air-inletvalves for the two-piston cylinders, springs acting upon the saidexhaust-valves, means for releasing the action of the said springs andexhaust-valves in the single-piston cylinders near the forwarddead-point thereof, substantially as described.

7. In an explosion-motor in combination, two cylinders having each twopistons moving in opposite directions, two cylinders having each asingle piston, channels -between the two-piston and single-pistoncylinders, valves in the said channels, springs acting on the saidvalves, inlet and-exhaust valves for the two-piston cylinders, springsacting upon the said exhaust-valves, exhaust-valves in each of thesingle-piston cylinders, a camshaft, a governor on the said cam-shaftand a disk 43 subjected to the action of the said governor and acting onthe exhaust-valve 8 to hold it open and a cam 55 also subjected to theaction of the governor in such a way that the boss of said cam, whendisplaced through the governor, cannot act upon the springs of thevalves which are held on their seats by the said springs substantiallyas described.

8. In an explosion-motor comprising a number of cylinders having eachpistons moving in opposite directions, the combination with each pistonof a rod connected to a swing-lever, a connection between the twoswing-le- IOO IOF-

IXO

ways actuated by two opposite pistons and three rods transmitting themovement of the swing-levers to three cranks for six pistons 011 themotor-shaft, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twowitnesses.

MARTIN HENRI RUMPF.

Witnesses:

GEORGE BEDE, GREGORY PHELAN.

